Enlightenment, Kant, AURELIS, Growth

August 25, 2018 AURELIS, Mental Growth, Sociocultural Issues No Comments

It’s time to bring things together. This is according to me the only way forward.

‘Western Enlightenment’ points to a historical period

from +/- 1650 onwards, till +/- first part of 19^th century. It was multifaceted, to say the least, and came in several waves from ‘moderate’ to ‘radical’… to even ‘totalitarian’ (à la Robespierre). In another sense, ‘Western Enlightenment’ is a few thousand years old and is still going on at present, shaping our culture.

But what is it?

Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804) was a central figure and is deemed by many to be the greatest philosopher of all times. According to Kant, enlightenment is ‘the emergence from self-inflicted immaturity’. [quote from 1784]

OK. This puts it a bit harshly. Kant was, after all, a Prussian guy. But let’s not be deterred and analyze the three parts of his definition:

emergence

This means it’s a continuous process, not an end-state that one can ever reach. There’s always one step further to go. Quite a Taoist take on things.

immaturity

With ‘maturity’, the Prussian guy means foremost a becoming independent of parental figures, like a child maturing to an adult, in this process losing the security of the parental setting. People are/were dependent on teachers, priests, ‘one idea about science that says it all’, one kind of political outlet on social media, one phrase that one can use in conversation to shield oneself from further inquiry, etc. Kant’s urge was to think for yourself, for which looking at several sources is a necessary condition.

Yes, this demands discipline.

self-inflicted

This may be most interesting.

Why do people self-inflict ‘immaturity’ according to Kant? He sees two reasons:

It’s comfortable. Remember Plato’s cave, people looking at shadows on the cave’s wall.
A lack of daring: fear of the unknown, of the loneliness of a consistent seeker, of responsibility… In short: it can indeed be scary outside of Plato’s cave if one is not used to the sunlight. But it’s this light that enlightens. The wall in the cave only shows a mere shadowy shimmering.

Some AURELIS

It’s easy to remain a flower bud, but then one never sees the sun, the bees, nature in full glory. To live is to open up like a flower and be ‘vulnerable’. Many people tend to rather stay in the bud. For instance:

by taking medication without any broader view on what one’s symptoms can further deeply mean.
by following an easy advertising message: “Do this and you be happy, comfy etc. No questions asked.”
by going on a diet – again – as if this should ‘do it for you’ without any input from yourself as a total person.

AURELIS growth

AURELIS = rationality + poetry [see: ‘AURELIS USP: ‘100% Rationality, 100% Depth’]

This means that the Western Enlightenment ideal is also very much ‘Aurelian’. Nothing justifies a diminishment of rationality.

At the same time, AURELIS goes further: rationality not only being conceptual but also about the subconceptual [see: ‘About ‘Subconceptual’], as you may have noticed in the examples above.

Eastern Enlightenment

In this sense, I find it very nice that ‘Eastern Enlightenment’ is precisely about the subconceptual. Look for instance at the Buddhist ideal of the Bodhisattva who is also ‘continuously emerging from self-inflicted immaturity’, vowing to go as far as possible in seeing depth of reality and helping others through this.

Like its Western counterpart, Eastern Enlightenment is also a few thousand years old and has, with ups and downs, been progressing.